This is a book of the proceedings of the Pan Africa Chemistry Network (PACN) Biodiversity Conference held at the University of Nairobi, Kenya, on 10-12 September 2008. One of the key activities of the Royal Society of Chemistry/Syngenta PACN is to connect African scientists through a cycle of conferences and workshops. This conference held at the University of Nairobi was the first of these. It brought together 150 delegates from 12 African countries - Botswana, Burundi, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Kenya, Nigeria, Rwanda, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda and Zimbabwe - as well as from the UK and Brazil. The lectures covered topics such as making the best use of the diversity of Africa's plants in agriculture and medicine whilst benefiting communities in Africa; the chemistry and biological activity of natural products; agricultural practices for Africa; genetic diversity in farm animals and crop plants; analysis and the environment; understanding crop protection chemicals in the African context; water quality; conservation and the impact of tourism on biodiversity; biofuels; and the processing and use of waste materials. The resulting book, Aspects of African Biodiversity: Proceedings of the Pan Africa Chemistry Network Biodiversity Conference, Nairobi, 10-12 September 2008, provides a valuable overview of many aspects of biodiversity in Africa.